Cuidados de ancianos en transición: experiencias de personas mayores en tres residencias de ancianos de Kosovo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71164/socialmedicine.v18i2.2025.1933Palabras clave:
cuidados de ancianos, residencias de ancianos, transición, cuidados de larga duración, KosovoResumen
Objetivo.en Kosovo, en las políticas de saludo, la atención a las y los jóvenes ha llevado a descuidar la de las personas mayores. Sin embargo, a medida que cambia la demografía, se espera que su número aumente en los próximos años. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar sus percepciones sobre su vida cotidiana y sus experiencias en residencias de ancianos, centrándose en los aspectos que repercuten en su bienestar. Material y métodos.para la recolección de datos se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo mediante entrevistas individuales, empleando un cuestionario modificado. En total, se incluyeron tres residencias de ancianos de 24 horas: dos en el municipio de Peja y una en el e Gjakova, en Kosovo. Resultados.las y los ancianos evaluaron positivamente la calidad de la atención en las residencias, incluyendo el personal, la comodidad, la comida y la limpieza. Sin embargo, se enfrentaban a sentimientos de soledad, falta de nuevas conexiones sociales y limitaciones en su salud. La mayoría expresó su deseo de permanecer más tiempo en sus propios hogares, la transición a un nuevo entorno de vida fue emocionalmente agotadora, lo que provocó un profundo sentimiento de añoranza de sus familias. Conclusiones.las personas mayores percibieron positivamente los cuidados en las residencias, valorando la atención del personal, el ambiente familiar, el confort, la calidad de la comida y la limpieza. Sin embargo, también se enfrentaron a problemas de salud y emocionales, como la sensación de soledad y la falta de contactos sociales. Es crucial crear servicios de apoyo a domicilio para posponer su traslado a residencias, poner en marcha iniciativas sociales y de salud mental para abordar la soledad y ofrecer servicios sanitarios especializados para gestionar las enfermedades crónicas.
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